My Study of Child Poverty in My Own Community Essay

If I study child poverty from a micro, meso, and macro level. I would start with my own community, which would be on a micro level. I would go to downtown los angels to skid row and look for groups of homeless children. I would observe different kids that I find for a week. I would take notes on how they survive. I would observe where do they eat, where how they sleep. I would also observe their interaction around other people. After I observed them for a week. I would pick 4 children to Interview. I would pick two girls and two boys. I would interview an African American girl that is in poverty that lives with her family that is close to the age of 16. I would also interview another girl that is Hispanic in her early teens, that does†¦show more content†¦I think this a great program but we need more supports and we need the government to help fix this crisis. One thing that I have notice is that I don’t not here much about the local/micro level of child poverty not sure why but I know it exist. Module 2 # 7 One of the five theoretical perspectives mention is the Conflict Theory. The main ideas of this theory are conflict underlies all social relations because of injustice in society. Social change is desirable, especially when it can lead to greater equality: the powerful who are the haves impose their values and belief on the haves not’s. This is influenced by critical sociology One of the examples that come to mind is The American civil rights movement. In history African American have been treated so harsh from being kidnap from their homeland to being stereotype for walking down the street with a hood on. For many years African American did not receive the same amount of privileges because of the color of their skin. They were not able to go where they wanted when they wanted. They were not able to vote, go to the same restrooms. All they want was the same rights as everyone else. They were beaten, murderer jailed, hosed with water just to be treated the same. Every time ther e was progress, there was a new problem that stops the African Americans from being treated with the same level of respect as everyone else. They went from being kidnap from African to being sold as slaves inShow MoreRelatedThe Poverty Of Being Unwanted, Unloved And Homeless924 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"We think sometimes that poverty is only being hungry, naked and homeless. The poverty of being unwanted, unloved and uncared for is the greatest poverty. We must start in our own homes to remedy this kind of poverty.† -Mother Teresa Mother Teresa’s quote speaks volumes to me. When I read this I thought of our own community and those who live in it. Having first-hand experience of seeing the struggles the children have from diverse backgrounds in school when parents cannot help has made suchRead MoreThe Importance Of Military Readiness And Frequent Deployments From A Federally Funded Program For Women, Infants, And Children Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesreadiness and frequent deployments as well as living at or even below the poverty level. (Shewmaker, Shewmaker 2014). I was part of that military family many years ago and, while I was pregnant with my fourth child, was told to apply for WIC, a federally funded program for Women, Infants, and Children. At each doctor visit, I was asked if I had submitted my application and my reply was always, â€Å"I will.† Finally, towards the end of my pregnancy, I was asked why I had not finished the proper paperwork;Read More Adolescence and Juvenile Delin quency Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages adolescent to become a juvenile delinquent. During my research, I found that the term juvenile delinquency is defined a number of ways. Mosbys Medical Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary summed up juvenile delinquency best with this definition; resistant antisocial, illegal, or criminal behavior by children or adolescents to the degree that it cannot be controlled or corrected by the parents, endangers others in the community, and becomes the concern of a law enforcement agency(1994)Read MoreGlobal Poverty And The Dependency Model790 Words   |  4 PagesMy desire to see the prosperity of sub-Saharan Africa, has always propelled me to speculate how a continent abundant of natural resources, is the poorest inhabited continent in the world. The Millennium Development Goals, further stimulated my interest in international development as I began to ensue this progress during my undergraduate studies. Having made numerous visits to Ethiopia s capital Addis Ababa, or the African Tiger, I have witnessed deep socio-economic issues despite the increasingRead MoreTechnology As A Catalyst For Beneficial Change And Progress1564 Words   |  7 Pagesfor beneficial change and progress. When I first immigrated to the United States from the metropolis of Hong Kong, my rudimentary English skills resulted in an inability to communicate. Consequently, I arrived home each day to log on to the computer and sought safety in its tranquil hum, far away from the linguistic struggles and relentless bullying I encountered at school. While my peers viewed technology as a tool for entertainment to distract them from the monotony of daily life, I perceived itRead MoreLinda Cliatt Wayman Is A Poverty Stricken And Crime Ridden North Philadelphia High School1101 Words   |  5 PagesLinda Cliatt-Wayman is a school principal for Strawberry Mansion High School, a poverty stricken and crime ridden North Philadelphia high school. This year, I watched her Ted Talk as she explained how she reformed this low-performing school and tackled problems from garbage issues to funding for more teachers. She said, â€Å"We have to make sure that every school that serves children in poverty is a r eal school†¦that provides them with knowledge and mental training to navigate the world around them.†Read MoreThe Effects Of All Types Of Stimuli On Teenagers Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesCassandra Randall December 14, 2016 Final Paper Professor Sloan Soc 111: Social Research Psychological and Sociological studies have examined the impact of all types of stimuli on Teenagers/Youths criminal behavior- like Peer pressure, Parental Attitudes (not caring), Dropping out of School, Drinking, Drugs, and Yes, Violent Video Games. In the Criminal Justice world, the teenage brain itself has been cited as a reason to end Solitary confinement for Adolescents and teenagers-not to mention theRead MoreHIV Prevention for Indigent Communities Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pages Imagine a world where an innocent child is given HIV due to mother to child transmission. Imagine a world where a father cannot play football on an autumn’s afternoon with his son because he constantly feels a lack of energy. Imagine a world where for months straight one has a reoccurring yeast infection. And lastly, imagine a world where one cannot remember one’s very own mother’s name due to short term memory loss. Unfortunately, there is no need to imagine for all of the above are actual possibilitiesRead MoreDear University Of Wisconsin Madison Admissions1588 Words   |  7 PagesCaucasian, upper-middle-class child in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, I remember feeling perplexed every time I visited my neighborhood grocery store. While the groceries in one part of the store served a demographic population similar to my own, the other items catered to the low-income, predominately African-American population located in the adjacent neighborhood. My grocery store mirr ored the demographic make-up of my city, yet was not reflected in my educational trajectory. My parents, like many financiallyRead MoreResearch On Academic Success And The Diversity1227 Words   |  5 Pagescourse was to examine current research on academic success and the diversity in schools. I realized how encouraging academic and social growth stems from building relationships and creating a supportive environment that fosters resiliency and strength in my students. Proposition 1: Teachers are committed to students and their learning. Indicator 1b: Teachers treat students equitably and with dignity. They recognize the individual differences, and they account for these differences in practice. Indicator

Essay research study on gender differences - 1272 Words

Non-verbal communication is defined as communication without words. (Devito, 116) Throughout your interpersonal interactions, your face communicates many things, especially your emotions. (Devito, 125) Women are stereotyped in today’s society as to being more emotional than men in emotional settings. Not in all instances is this true, however, men feel they need to set a strong, domineering, display of their emotions and the way they react towards certain emotional situations. Gender display rules are a set of rules that usually either male or female follow in order to fit their specific gender script in society. It is stated in the textbook that women talk more about feelings and emotions and use communication for emotional expression†¦show more content†¦Each participant was tested on an individual basis in a sound attenuated room. Each student was placed 2 m from an overhead projector, which was used to display slides of flowers and snakes. The different slides wer e shown in blocks of six with pauses in-between each slide of one and eight seconds. (Thunberg amp; Dimberg, 2) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Facial EMG activity was measured bipolary over the Corrugator supercilli muscle region, with Beckman miniature Ag/AgCI electrodes filled with Beckman electrode paste. (Thunberg amp; Dimberg, 2). The researchers measured the muscle activity with a Colburn Hi Gain Amplifier, and the EMG signal was integrated with a Coulbourn Contour Following Integrator. All data that was collected was expressed in microvolts. The participants each had two Beckman Ag/AgCI electrodes attached to the second phalanges of the first and second fingers of the left hand to measure skin conductance. (Thunberg amp; Dimberg, 2) Furthermore, after the students saw each slide they were asked to rate how unpleasant they experienced the picture on a scale from 0 to 9, where 0 was not at all, and 9 was very high. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The EMG showed that males and females differed in their responses to the slides. Females displayed a larger reaction than males to the fear-relevant slides, where the males did not differ between any of the different slides. The results of the participants’ ratings presentedShow MoreRelatedResearch Study on Gender Differences1272 Words   |  6 Pagesemotional situations. Gender display rules are a set of rules that usually either male or female follow in order to fit their specific gender script in society. It is stated in the textbook that women talk more about feelings and emotions and use communication for emotional expression more then men, and because of this females express themselves facially more than men. (Devito, 148) The research article I chose to summarize for part two of the textbook is titled, Gender Difference in Facial ReactionRead MoreWhen separating men and women according to gender, most people would do it based on physical1300 Words   |  6 Pages When separating men and women according to gender, most people would do it based on physical appearance. Would you have ever thought that you can tell whether someone is man or woman according to psyche? Psychological gender differences have had a long history dating back for more than a century. The use psychological research on women began in 1879 which also marks the beginning of formal psychology. Any research done during these years was mostly used to the notion that the white male was supremeRead MorePersonality Traits Of A Personality Trait Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pages NZ Personality Trait Research Gender differences in personality traits A lot of research has been done regarding gender differences in personality traits; which have given observable differences in previous research done on different levels of traits. This study addresses the gender differences in the levels of neuroticism and agreeableness in New Zealand. Results show that there are significant differences between the levels of neuroticism and agreeableness in malesRead MoreGender Differences Within Social Development1747 Words   |  7 PagesThis research paper is set to inform the reader of the gender differences through social development. Depending on a child’s gender, things such as gender identity and social acceptance have a great impact in their development. The first thing parents learned about their children before birth is the sex of the baby. This highlights the importance of sex and gender. Sex differences have long been a very important topic in psychology and in understanding why gender differences affect social developmentRe ad MoreGender Differences Between Psychological Androgyny Masculinity And Femininity Scores1722 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This study aimed to test the idea that there are gender differences in psychological androgyny masculinity and femininity scores. Two hundred and twenty nine first year undergraduates (175 females and 54 males), completed one questionnaire measuring masculinity and femininity - Bems sex role inventory (BSRI). Results were analysed using independent t-tests, which revealed that males scored higher than females on the masculinity scores, whereas females scored higher compared with males onRead MoreThe Rate Of Ptsd Different Among Men And Women Returning From Iraq And Afghanistan1606 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyzing Dissonance in Similar Research: Is the Rate of PTSD Different Among Men and Women Returning from Iraq and Afghanistan? Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a concern for many Americans, especially soldiers. The U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs reports that 11-20% of military personnel who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan struggle with PTSD (PTSD: National Center for PTSD). Thankfully, extensive time, effort, and money go into researching the disorder so that psychologists, psychiatristsRead MoreGender: Annotated Bibliography Essay1480 Words   |  6 Pages(2012). Gender Matters: Frminist Linguistic Analysis. London : Equinox. Gender Matters is a collection of various essays on feminist linguistic texts analysis, by Sara Mills. Mills develops methods of analyzing literary and non-literary texts, in addition to conversational analysis based on a feminist approach. The author draws on data from her collection of essays gathered over the last two decades on feminism during the 1990s. The essays focus on gender issues, the representation of gender in readingRead MoreEssay about Gender differences and autobiographical memories1599 Words   |  7 Pagesthe mundane to the profound, help form the self, they provide personal historical context or personal biography for who we are now: they are in essence a ‘database’ of the self.†(Conway, A and Holmes, E, 2005, p228) There has been research conducted into gender differences within autobiographical memories and although not fully understood it has become an apparent theme, that female participants provide more detailed, richer accounts of experiences relating to their memories. A greater emotional connectionRead MoreGender Differences Between Veterans Diagnosed With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And How It Affects The Genders818 Words   |  4 PagesTopic: Gender Difference In Treatment For PTSD Bernardy, N. C., Lund, B. C., Alexander, B., Jenkyn, A. B., Schnurr, P. P., Friedman, M. J. (2013). Gender differences in prescribing among veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of general internal medicine, 28(2), 542-548. This research focuses on how medications are being prescribed for PTSD and how it affects the genders. Women have an increase occurrence of having depression and anxiety while men are likely to developRead MoreAbortion Is A Controversial Topic1097 Words   |  5 Pagesopinions among citizens concerning abortions can be related to many factors. Some factors that can polarize citizens’ public opinions towards abortion include laws, politics, religion, and gender. Laws have been established in many states to promote or hinder access to abortions. Medoff (2015) designed a study to determine if restrictive state abortion laws influenced unintended birth rates in the United States. The researcher obtained data concerning unintended birth rates in 2006 and compared

Willpower Free Essays

Even with the natural aptitudes to reach them, it is necessary to make an effort to do It. Pursue this goals is key for our success and happiness, but many distractions are going to be present: little distractions with a wrong Idea of freedom that can develop in big problems and make us slaves of our desires. To avoid this and stay In a good way, we need to make use of our willpower, and understand better owe It works. We will write a custom essay sample on Willpower or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are little things that make us happy Like eat Ice cream, listen to music, hang out with friends, buy a nice dress†¦ And there Is no need to stop doing this. But It Is important to understand that we need to do it with moderation. We can not let this whims rule our life nor distract us from our goals, for our life would become senseless. Discipline will let us chase our goals, the lack of it will make us lose them. Goals give a meaning to our lives, and a meaning is necessary to be happy. This self-control maintain us moving forward, achieving objectives, growing like human beings; it means, success in life. But also, it give us the freedom that we deserve, economically and mentally. Losing control of impulses and desires make us vulnerable to be controlled by others, and so we lost our freedom. With the force of willpower, nobody but us will rule our life. Having been clear why willpower is important, it worth to say a couple of tips about how to maintain it. First, we can not expect to control ourselves every time, with everything, because the willpower becomes momentarily exhausted; so we need to be smart choosing our regulations to fulfill our resolutions. And second, it is extremely important not sublimate little acts of discipline, like make our bed or take care of our appearance, for this help us strengthen the willpower and avoid fail on future tasks. Many things can be said about willpower, but this time I only wanted to highlight some points: self-control helps us to malting a meaning In our life and reach peppiness, as well as give us freedom, something that we can not Ignore. And we never should stop training our willpower; sometimes we fall applying It, but with the time, It will be easier control ourselves. Willpower By Feline-Pacer Velasquez Every person in the world has their own goals, objectives to accomplish in a long or a effort to do it. Pursue this goals is key for our success and happiness, but many distractions are going to be present: little distractions with a wrong idea of freedom ND stay in a good way, we need to make use of our willpower, and understand better how it works. There are little things that make us happy like eat ice cream, listen to music, hang out with friends, buy a nice dress†¦ And there is no need to stop doing this. But it is some points: self-control helps us to maintain a meaning in our life and reach happiness, as well as give us freedom, something that we can not ignore. And we never should stop training our willpower; sometimes we fail applying it, but with the time, it will be easier control ourselves. How to cite Willpower, Papers

Cucumbers Essay Research Paper CucumbersAbstractThis paper will free essay sample

Cucumbers Essay, Research Paper Cucumbers Abstraction This paper will concentrate on Cucumis sativuss. It will discourse their relationship to other workss, the part of its beginning and the works portion used by worlds. The manner Cucumis sativuss are harvested and the value of the crop will besides be touched on. Diseases and insects that threaten Cucumis sativuss will briefly be discussed. Introduction From the times of the bible through Henry VIII reign and into the modern epoch, Cucumis sativuss have survived through the ages. Cucumbers have many utilizations such as supplying nutrient, lotion, aroma, and can be made into an emetic, to call a few. There are many different species of Cucumis sativuss and there are many ways to fix them. Reaping can be a boring or speedy procedure depending on the type of Cucumis sativus. Cucumbers are one of the most produced veggies, or should it be fruits, in the universe. Name and Categorization The Cucumis sativus? s scientific name is Cucumis sativus ( Linn ) . The genus name is Cucumis and the species name is sativus. It belongs to the household Cucurbitaceae. The common name is cucumber and is sometimes shortened to cucumbers. Relationship to any other economically of import works species or households The Cucumis sativus is in the same household as Cucurbita pepos, calabashs, squash, Citrullus vulgaris and cantaloup vine. Cucumber is the 2nd most cultivated veggie in nurseries, contested merely by tomatoes. Country/Region of Beginning There is a considerable sum of conflicting positions on where Cucumis sativuss originated. Some claim it is native to India, while others claim Asia, and still others claim it is native to Greece. The largest cultivation of it is in Asia. Where- of all time the Cucumis sativus is native it is now cultivated all over the universe. Plant Part Used by Worlds The portion of the Cucumis sativus that is used by worlds is the fruit. The ovary at the base of the female flower develops into the fruit. The male flower? s intent is to fertilise the female. Description of reaping techniques Cucumbers are a warm season harvest. The most favourable turning temperature is 82F, but Cucumis sativuss do good in temperatures runing from 65 to 75F. Frost and high temperature will damage the harvest. Cucumbers can turn in many different dirt types, provided they are good drained. They are a quick-growing harvest and must be good supplied with fertilisers. Cucumber seeds are by and large planted two inches deep into the dirt with workss spaced two to six inches apart. Row spacing varies from 12 to thirty inches apart. Fresh market Cucumis sativuss are picked by manus. The fruit is twisted and snapped off of the vine to guarantee there is no harm done to the vine or root of the works. In most parts machine harvest home has been accepted for pickling Cucumis sativuss. Cost of labour to manus choice Cucumis sativuss has gone up so machines are used. The drawback of utilizing machines to reap is that the harvest can merely be given a? one time over? because the machines harm workss a s they go down the rows. Cucumbers are hydro cooled after picking to take any field heat left over. Fruits ripen quickly in temperatures over 50F so they are stored in ice chests to forestall this. When a Cucumis sativus ripens it turns xanthous and is uneatable. Annual Harvest in lbs or kgs The major part of commercial harvest is used for treating pickles. Processing Cucumis sativuss yield an norm of five dozenss per acre across the United States, but can give from four dozenss per acre in the East and 18 dozenss per acre in California. Fresh market Cucumis sativuss are manus picked and scope from about three dozenss per acre in the eastern U.S. to sixteen dozenss per acre in California. China is the lead manufacturer of Cucumis sativuss, with India following in production, followed by USSR and the U.S. Diseases and Insects cut downing or endangering harvest output Insects are one of the chief jobs that cucumber husbandmans face. Although there are rather a few that pestilence Cucumis sativuss the two most unsafe are cucumber beetles and picklew orm. There are two sorts of Cucumis sativus beetles, striped and spotted. The larvae provender on the roots and roots of the works while the grownups feed on the seed leafs and new foliages in the spring. The insect can besides transport bacterial wilt and cucumber Mosaic virus. Pickleworm is even more unsafe than the cucumber beetle. These are chiefly found in the Carolinas but can travel north. The worms eat the foliage buds and flowers and tunnel into the vines and fruits. Once the pickleworm is inside the fruits it is impossible to kill them and will merely be found after the Cucumis sativus is processed. These insects can be easy controlled with early sensing and the usage of insect powder. Diseases can be controlled through the usage of antifungals, harvest rotary motion, and immune cultivars. If a Cucumis sativus harvest gets infected with a disease it can ensue in a immense loss. Mosaic is one of the most common diseases. It is a viral disease that is besides referred to as? white pickle? . It will stunt the growing of workss, mottle and yellow the works and purse the foliages. Young workss sometimes outgrow the symptoms. Insects and workers in the field can distribute it. Scab is a fungous infection that causes deep-set, dark brown musca volitanss on the fruits. A green cast can besides turn over the musca volitanss. This disease favors cool conditions. Bacterial wilt is caused by the bacteriums Erwina tracheiphila. These bacteriums wilt the works and finally kill it. Cucumber beetles carry it. These diseases can lay waste to a harvest if non decently controlled. Cultural Significance Spaniards brought Cucumis sativuss to Haiti in 1494. They were so someway brought to the Americas. When colonial colonies were being formed Cucumis sativuss were discovered in Native American harvests. Cucumbers became really popular with the settlers but during the 1600s a widespread bias developed against fresh fruits and salads. Cucumbers were said to convey on a train of summer diseases and should be forbidden, particularly to kids. When diet reform swept the state and accent was put on fresh veggies and less meat Cucumis sativuss were still non eaten. It was said that they were? fit merely for ingestion by cattles, ? hence the name? cowcumbers? . Cucumbers were shunned up until 1872 when a loanblend was formed. From 1880 until the present much involvement has been shown in turning and eating this veggie. Decision The Cucumis sativus is a widely produced and used works. The Cucumis sativus is a delicate works, but when decently cultivated can hold a high output. It can be of great benefit to worlds for the intents of nutrient and luxury. Cucumbers will stay one of the most cultivated and processed veggies. Bibliography Mentions Cited Cohen, B. Oct 30, 2000. The Cucumber Basics. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lpl.arizona.edu/~bcohen/cucumbers/basics.html Cohen, B. Oct 30, 2000. Greenhouse Cucumbers. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lpl.arizona.edu/~bcohen/cucumbers/greenhouse.html Cohen, B. Oct 30, 2000. A Brief History of Cucumbers. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lpl.arizona.edu/~bcohen/cucumbers/history.html Cohen, B. Oct 30, 2000. Commercial Cucumber Production. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lpl.arizona.edu/~bcohen/cucumbers/commercial.html Grieve, M. Oct 30, 2000. Cucumber. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/c/cucum123.html Wall, John. Oct 30, 2000. Turning Summer Squash and Cucumbers is a Vine Experience. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //aginfo.psu.edu/news/april00/squash.html Wing, Lucy. Oct 30, 2000. Types of Cucumbers. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.homearts.com/cl/cooking/08lucyb2.html Wing, Lucy. Oct 30, 2000. How to Turn Cucumbers. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //homearts.com/cl/cooking/08lucyb3.html ? Cucumber. ? Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2000. Vers. 2000 Oct. 30, 2000. [ online ] available hypertext transfer protocol: //encarta.msn.com

Scandal in Burson

Table of Contents Introduction Competition between the Fab Four Why the issue became a scandal How Burson-Marsteller responded The Lessons Bibliography Footnotes Introduction Burson-Marsteller is a public relations firm. This is a giant American company that won the best public relations company award. The firm is an experienced and respected organization that has won many other accolades and received major contracts. The issue about the public relations company Burson-Marsteller (B-M) turned out to scandalous because it brought disrepute on practitioners1.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Scandal in Burson-Marstelle Firm specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The matter was also not addressed well at the time it went public. These companies were Burson- Marsteller and Facebook. The companies failed in all their attempts to deal with the issue. They failed in their communication strategy and in the manner in which t hey responded to the media inquiries. A preview of the issue tells us that B-M was caught creating a whisper campaign against Google for an undisclosed Facebook client. Google and Facebook are involved in competition to control online advertisements. Burson and Marsteller’s were competing reporters who were instructed to write destructive information about Google. B-M had been hired by Facebook to do the dirty job as well. B-M understood the competition between the two and saw an opportunity to make money without giving due diligence to its integrity and the damage it would have on its image in case the issue leaked. The two employees were on the job when they were caught. The matter circulated to members of the public. Competition between the Fab Four The Fab four American companies are Facebook, Google, Amazon, and Apple. These technology companies have defined and transformed the world in terms of information technology and entertainment in the twenty first century. Initia lly, these companies operated different businesses. With time, they continuously transformed and fought for market dominance in the social networking industry, mobile phones and accessories, and laptops. Some of these products are their common products. All these companies are determined to be market leaders in technology.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their aim is to control the world living rooms. The competition has grown to a neck-throat level. Some of these companies have resorted to smear campaigns. This is to enable them receive undue advantage over others. A case in focus is what happened last year between Facebook and Google. The issue involved another public relations company, Burson-Marsteller. Each of these companies ensures that information is safeguard in the best way possible. They opt to keep both their customers and competitors guessing what product woul d be next in the market. This has been the key to their success. These companies are reshaping the behavior of customers because they are influencing to use electronic gadgets to access the web. These include tablets, laptops, and mobile phone devices. The competition is likely to go a notch higher as they fight to outsmart each other. Competition between these companies is a result of intensive advertising and the enormous resources. These are the hardware, data, and the media. This means that they have to be always innovative. They are all moving in one direction implying that their objective is to control the living rooms. They have developed a system in the market that leads to imitation2. Why the issue became a scandal The process employed by B-M deliberately ignored the code of ethics that touches on the disclosure. This in itself implies that B-M had a hidden agenda on the overall issue. The tactics applied here such as, whispering, were negative modes, which the Public Relat ions Society of America (PRSA) discourages. The society discourages other vices including brand washing, dirty laundering, and flogging3. The company did not undertake due diligence in its initial steps to observe the code of ethics. Due diligence was expected from B-M because it is an experienced and renowned public relations company. The failure on their part or deliberate omission led to the issue exploding and becoming a scandal. The status of this company required it to think beyond money. It was expected to factor in other areas relevant to the company, which include the impact of the contract on the company’s image and returns on integrity. The two accused companies did not handle the matter well when it was busted. The leadership of Burson- Marsteller resorted to shifting blame from one end to the other. The leaders claimed not to have authorized the contractual agreement, blaming it on the junior employees. At one time, they issued a statement arguing that it was act ually not a smear campaign and that they had withdrawn from the contractual agreement. A standpoint or official statement was required, but it was conspicuously missing. By the time the organization came to accept that what had happened was wrong and very unethical, it was too little too late. The damage on its part had already occurred.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Scandal in Burson-Marstelle Firm specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The management came out late to state that what had happened did not conform to the standardized rules of service. The statement was of no use because the damage had already been caused. Facebook on its part failed to take responsibility. Google being its competitor was disgusting to see Facebook employ dirty tricks that were shameful against its rivals. The two companies ought to have owned the released information, and subsequently issue an apology. They should have punished the e mployees who were responsible and then proceeded to clean their images. It was also necessary for them to deposit an explanation regarding the same issue to PRSA4. How Burson-Marsteller responded Burson-Marsteller is a giant company in the public relations industry. Its response was expected to be professional. It, however, did not handle the issue professionally. This scandal was uncovered weeks after the company had received the best public relations company award. The company fumbled to try to contain a scandal that was already blowing out of proportion. This was not professional and only served to escalate the issue5. It showed that it was prepared to neither hear the truths nor get the feelings of other players in the industry such as clients and competitors, who posted their comments on the Facebook page. It employed a defensive mission instead of being apologetic. In addition to this, it denied being involved as soon as the issue was uncovered. One of its employees cheated th at the organization had communicated with Jessica. She argued that the company was suffering from malice. Burson-Marstellar continued to handle the issue badly when the organization declined to take action against the two employees who had orchestrated the smear campaign. The organization instead promised to offer the two employees additional classes on ethics. These people were former senior journalists. They had earned their respect through good work before. The question of taking them for extra ethics classes was therefore unnecessary6. It only added proved that Burson – Marsteller’s was incompetent in handling communication issues, especially those arising from the media. This was wrong and did not augur well for the company. It would have been positive if the company took disciplinary actions against the two.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Failure of the same only meant that the actions of the company could be interpreted to mean the top management of the company was involved. Another reaction came from its former Chief Executive Officer who rebuked the action wondering what had gone wrong at Burson-Marsteller. A statement from the boss on the matter was evaluated to mean failure by the current leadership in handling administration matters, including communication7. The Lessons There are various lessons that can be learned from the public relations scandal. The two companies failed to use important aspects of the two-way symmetrical public relations model. The two companies did not show honesty in their contractual engagement. The best way would be to embrace honesty. Moreover, the companies should have accepted to compromise through embracing a two-way communication model. This was lacking because B-M did not even reveal its client. Understanding the rules of disclosure would be very important. Transparency includes making public the necessary information. This avoids misinterpretation and misrepresentation of the company. It is also a need under the code of conduct. B-M deliberately concealed information regarding Facebook, which is its client. Rules are very clear and the company overlooked them. Strict adherence could have helped the company in ending the mistake. It is also good to speak with one voice. Specific people should be assigned the duty of giving information when a crisis arises. This allows the media and the public to receive accurate information. When the matter found its way to the public, B-M and Facebook did not show any effort that focused on achieving mutual respect. A public apology and taking actions against the two employees would have been the best way to resolve the conflict. Furthermore, B-M and Facebook failed to explore the concept of negotiation and the willingness to make compromises, as illustrated by Grunig and Todd. They instead started offering conflicting sta tements over the issue. The best approach would have been to solve conflicts and promote mutual understanding. B-M saw the rivalry between Facebook and Google and wanted to make money out of the confusion. This was in disregard to the two-way symmetric model of public relations. B-M should have resisted the urge to make money using dirty means for the sake of its reputation. Strict adherence to the code of ethics by both the management and employees is paramount. The follow-up activities by the company to ensure implementation of the same are also a necessity. If the management of B-M were to adhere to the code of ethics, it would be definite that the matter would have taken a very different direction. It is imperative to understand that a company shouldering any misbehavior by its employees should therefore be prepared to handle the consequences8. Burson –Marstellar and Facebook should have weighed these options, including what effect their actions would have on their compan y images and integrity. They did not know that these factors were important in the flop of their agendum9. It is also necessary to understand the dynamics of the industry in which a firm is operating10. The social media is powerful such that secretes are no more. Therefore, learning what the organization can engage in may save it from a problem. The ever-advancing technology does not leave room for secrets. Bibliography Applegate, Jane. Great Ideas for Your Small Business. Hoboken, N.J: Bloomberg Press, 2011. Briscoe, Schuler. International Human Resource Management. New York: Routledge, 2012 Croteau, Hoynes. Media/Society: Industries, Images, and Audiences. Los Angeles, CA: Sage, 2012. Dowling, Festing. International Human Resource Management: managing people in a multinational context. Sydney: Thomson Learning, 2008. Meyerson, Mitch. Success Secrets of the Online Marketing Superstars. Chicago: Dearborn Trade Pub, 2005. Miller, David. Tales from Facebook. New York: Polity, 2011. Na nkervis, Chatterjee. Perspectives of Human Resource Management in the Asia Pacific. Sydney: Pearson Education Australia, 2006. Perlman, Corey. Eboot Camp: Proven Internet Marketing Techniques to Grow Your Business. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley Sons, 2009. Scullion, Linehan. International Human Resource Management. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Warner, Bruno. Organization Change: Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2011. Footnotes 1 Applegate, Jane (Great Ideas for Your Small Business. Hoboken, N.J: Bloomberg Press, 2011), p. 76. 2 Dowling, Festing (International Human Resource Management: managing people in a multinational context. Sydney: Thomson Learning, 2008), p. 19 3 Nankervis, Chatterjee (Perspectives of Human Resource Management in the Asia Pacific. Sydney: Pearson Education Australia, 2006), p. 19. 4 Warner, Bruno (Organization Change: Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2011), p. 87. 5 Miller, David (Tales from Facebook. New York: Polity, 2011), p. 45. 6 P erlman, Corey (Eboot Camp: Proven Internet Marketing Techniques to Grow Your Business. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley Sons, 2009), p. 12. 7 Croteau, Hoynes (Media/Society: Industries, Images, and Audiences. Los Angeles, CA: Sage, 2012), p. 90. 8 Scullion, LinehannI (nternational Human Resource Management. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), p. 23. 9 Briscoe, Schuler (International Human Resource Management. New York: Routledge, 2012), p. 67 10 Meyerson Mitch (Success Secrets of the Online Marketing Superstars. Chicago: Dearborn Trade Pub, 2005), p. 23. This essay on Scandal in Burson-Marstelle Firm was written and submitted by user Senator Bail to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

No More Conventional Antonyms

No More Conventional Antonyms No More Conventional Antonyms No More Conventional Antonyms By Maeve Maddox One of the innovations of Newspeak, the version of English used by the totalitarian government in Orwell’s dystopic novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, was the elimination of antonyms. A writer at the Oxford Dictionaries site explains: By choosing which words the populace can use, The Party can choose to shift thought in a more positive or negative direction to suit their needs;  ungood, for example, makes the populace feel less negative than  bad  would In 2015, some of the populace seem to be choosing to add un- to adjectives like good and rich rather than look for conventional antonyms: The Rich Are Less Ethical Than the Unrich [A Resort] Like Palm Springs, only for unrich people The government is clearly pandering to the masses, i.e. the unrich people. Few fanfic writers actually write good stories. Some are unrealistic, unplanned, ungood stories.   I was all set to move to Erdington until last night [when] I found some  ungood stories about the area I will be living in. In the end, the good outweighed the  ungood and Im happy I chose this  place. Ill be traveling light when it comes time for me to cross, when I cross†¦ This unwide road†¦ (song lyrics) . Abercrombie Fitch chief executive Mike Jeffries [issued] a half-baked apology for his incendiary comments on why the unthin, the unyoung and the unbeautiful dont belong in AF clothes. As a stylistic device, words like unthin and unbeautiful can be used to humorous effect. Adding un- to words in an effort to obscure meaning or avoid thought, on the other hand, is not an option for writers who wish to be taken seriously. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Homograph ExamplesIs There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?Prepositions to Die With

The History of the Submarine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The History of the Submarine - Essay Example According to Farmhand, the idea of underwater navigation is quite old and dates back even before 1624. He mentions that an Englishman William Bourne in 1578 suggested in his book the idea and value of a boat that sails below the surface of water and carries a hollow mast for ventilator (Farmhand 2010). Captain Braxton Harris who is the author of the book The Navy Times Book of submarines: A Political, Social and Military History mentions in this book that Cornelius Drebbel was hired by James I and he, supposedly, built the first submarine. Yet there seem to be no credible image of his boat or accounts of its usage. In the year 1654, "Rotterdam Boat" was designed by D.E. Son who was a Frenchman; it was 72 foot long and was built by the Southern Netherlands to attack an enemy from the English Navy (Brayton). In between 1620 and 1624, many improved concept of submarines were introduced. Although initially the first underwater vehicle was meant for exploring underwater, but soon it encouraged inventors to use this tool to strengthen and broaden the military operations. In 1648, this new startegic concept was executed by Bishop John Wilkins from England in Mathematical Magic. The first ever model to be used for military operations was developed in 1775, it was called Turtle. It had screws for propulsion and was used during American revolutionary war, it failed to sink the warship of Britisher, HMS Eagle. Then in 1804 in France, 'Nautilus' was designed by an American Rober Fulton. In the following years, many underwater ships were developed by many inventors and used in war operations. Successful models to be used from both side were executed in the American civil war. All these ships were manually opearated and, hence, had to go through many failures and as a result, many sank in their very first trials. The very first machine to feature under mechanical operation is Plongeur, devised in the year 1863. Ictieneo II is the first independent and combustion powered submarine (Brayton). Fig. 1.2 – â€Å"Plongeur† (Captain Brayton). Fig.1.3- In 1885 an American Josiah H. Tuck developed "Peacemaker" (Brayton). In the late 19th century, many experimented designs were introduced and in the early 20th century, its true usage and improvement in design, structure and execution was effectively been researched upon by ample involvement of the government (Farmhand 2010). Usage and Technological Advancement The 20th centruy was a pivotal period for the development and usage of submarines. Every nation was interested in including its own submarine in their effective military execution. New technological advancement ensured improved machinery and effective performances of these underwater ships. It was used widely by many nations for the coming World War I. The first subm arines which were mechanically

Genome-Wide Association Study Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Genome-Wide Association Study - Term Paper Example This belief later changed when some other complex diseases came into existence and many people were worried since they could not identify the causes of these dangerous diseases. They suggested another study called genetic association. This study focused on the genetic variations in the individuals who tested to be suffering from the diseases. This study was showed more improvements from the first one that linked the diseases with family inheritance. More projects were intensified which led to the genome-wide association study, well known as GWAS. GWAS is a study which is used to examine variations in genetics belonging to many individuals to identify how the variants have an association with a particular trait. However, GWAS has been identified as the best tool to be used in finding out the major causes of human mortality. One of the fields where GWAS has been used is the studies on the breast cancer (Huang, 2009). History of GWAS Genome-wide association studies have been in taking p lace for the last five years. It has led to very many discoveries in the science fields despite the fact it is associated with many problems that make some people to criticize it. GWAS has been criticized by many journalists and scientist more especially on the way of study and the results achieved. Nevertheless, this study is improving in the way of research as high technology is applied in the most of its areas of concern (Visscher, Peter, Matthew Brown, Mark, McCarthy & Yang, 2012). Various studies have improved the development of GWAS in the scientific field. The uses of linkage analysis to associate the genetic variants with a certain disease of traits have made scientists to give wrong conclusions for the last 20 years. This is because linkage mapping could not when the number of recombination is very large. It only worked with small recombination number. GWAS, at population level, used linkage disequilibrium (LD). Linkage disequilibrium deals with how alleles at some differen t loci are associated non-randomly. This LD was weakened by the large population that was used. HapMap project investigated the LD structure and a list of SNPs was found. These SNPs had captured common genomic variations of the human population. Technology together control samples of population cohorts accelerated the possibility of conducting GWASs. The linkage disequilibrium between un-genotyped variants and the genotyped SNPs determines the GWAS (Visscher, Peter, Matthew Brown, Mark, McCarthy & Yang, 2012). The first GWAS was known in 2005. The first to be taken as the starting point paper was the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) in 2007. This is because this paper covered GWAS for the most complex diseases by using a SNP chip that covered genome correctly. There many discoveries of GWAS that have been done in the last five years. This study has emphasized more on biology rather than discoveries as compared to the past studies. Currently, more than 2000 loci can be associated to a particular trait that is more complex. Before 2007, loci association to a disease was not known (Visscher, Peter, Matthew Brown, Mark, McCarthy & Yang, 2012). GWAS has investigated more complex traits and many loci have been identified but not all of them have been completed. This is because of inadequate statistical significance caused by false negatives. Many findings have been

Essay on employability Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

On employability - Essay Example The recent world economic downturn and the pace countries will adopt towards recovery will translate to changes in statistics regarding employment and related practices e.g. selection and recruitment. This paper will discuss employability in light of my career direction and how this is in alignment with the current labour market. Career plans after graduation Employability is a huge concern to me but the course that I am pursuing i.e. Information Technology and Business Management has a good inclination in the job market. However, it is important to note that the type of organisation, professional level and type of job are important in determining short term success. Higher Education Institutions are meant to offer students better employment prospects (Yorke and Knight 2004). The plans that I have set aside after my graduation relate to becoming an Information Technology Project Manager. This is a position whose role is being redefined the world over due to the volatility of the IT f ield as well as that of managing related projects. Technology is quite dynamic with many changes happening all over the world that aim at enhancing ways of doing business. Managing IT-related projects will therefore require someone who is highly dynamic in regards to their general outlook of things as well as be able to timely capture emerging trends. Furthermore, project management in the IT sector is requiring managers to embrace the globalisation aspect of doing business and current marketing strategies of customers in the highly competitive global arena. Failure to adopt these in IT project management renders a manager irrelevant. It is therefore important to look deeper into my education landscape so far as well as in the near future and assess whether I am employable as an IT project manager. Employability in relation to the Article As the article by Brown et al. suggests, employability is relative depending on whom and where it is being analysed (Brown, Hesketh and Williams 2 002). IT industry in the current working environment requires personnel who have adequate knowledge in business management. The reason for this is that IT connects all departments and personnel within an organisational setup whether small or large. Those people working in the IT department therefore need to have adequate knowledge of all business operations. Having studied business management, I stand to understand how projects need to run till completion and when numerous departments are involved in ensuring success. The labour market especially in the UK has balanced all sectors relatively well and the fortunate occurrence is that all these sectors depend on IT to function internally and to interrelate (Meister 1998). The preference of taking IT project management as a career is based on the labour market limitations towards the range of jobs one can render application. Studying Business Management coupled with Information Management makes me think that project management in IT is an appropriate choice and that I have a chance of acquiring a job as a project manager. This goes ahead to prove the social construction of employability. On the other hand I would rather not take a receptionist job based on the social connotation that such is not appropriate for a person bearing my credentials. Considering the above relationship between labour market, employability and education

Heart and Cardiac Muscle Essay Example for Free

Heart and Cardiac Muscle Essay What is the heart? The heart is the organ that supplies blood and oxygen to all parts of the body. It is about the size of a clenched fist, weighs about 10.5 ounces and is shaped like a cone. The heart is located in the chest cavity just posterior to the breastbone, between the lungs and superior to the diaphragm. The heart is surrounded by a fluid filled sac called the pericardium. Blood is pumped away from the heart through arteries and returns to the heart through veins. The major artery of the body is the aorta and the major veins of the body are the vena cavae. Chambers of the Heart The heart is divided by a partition or septum into two halves. The halves are in turn divided into chambers. The upper two chambers of the heart are called atria and the lower two chambers are calledventricles. The atria receive blood returning to the heart from the body and the ventricles pump blood from the heart to the body. Valves allow blood to flow in one direction between the chambers of the heart. The Heart Wall The heart is composed of cardiac muscle which enable the heart to contract and allow the synchronization of the heart beat. The heart wall is divided into three layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. * Epicardium outer protective layer of the heart. * Myocardium muscular middle layer wall of the heart. * Endocardium inner layer of the heart that is continuous with the inner lining of blood * Cardiac Conduction * Cardiac conduction is the rate at which the heart conducts electrical impulses. Cardiac muscle cells contract spontaneously and are coordinated by nodal tissue, specifically the sinoatrial node. There are other factors that influence heart rate as well. These include endocrine hormones, body temperature and exercise. * Cardiac Cycle * The cardiac cycle is the sequence of events that occur when the heart beats. There are two phases of this cycle which are the diastole and systole phases. During the diastole phase, the atria and ventricles are relaxed and blood flows into the atria and ventricles. In the systole phase, the ventricles contract sending blood to the rest of the body. A heartbeat is a two-part pumping action that takes about a second. As bloodcollects in the upper chambers (the right and left atria), the hearts natural pacemaker (the SA node) sends out an electrical signal that causes the atria to contract. This contraction pushes blood through the tricuspid and mitral valves into the resting lower chambers (the right and left ventricles). This part of the two-part pumping phase (the longer of the two) is called diastole. The second part of the pumping phase begins when the ventricles are full of blood. The electrical signals from the SA node travel along a pathway of cells to the ventricles, causing them to contract. This is called systole. As the tricuspid and mitral valves shut tight to prevent a back flow of blood, the pulmonary and aortic valves are pushed open. While blood is pushed from the right ventricle into the lungs to pick up oxygen, oxygen-rich blood flows from the left ventricle to the heart and other parts of the body. After blood moves into the pulmonary artery and the aorta, the ventricles relax, and the pulmonary and aortic valves close. The lower pressure in the ventricles causes the tricuspid and mitral valves to open, and the cycle begins again. This series of contractions is repeated over and over again, increasing during times of exertion and decreasing while you are at rest. The heart normally beats about 60 to 80 times a minute when you are at rest, but this can vary. As you get older, your resting heart rate rises. Also, it is usually lower in people who are physically fit. Your heart does not work alone, though. Your brain tracks the conditions around you—climate, stress, and level of physical activity—and adjusts your cardiovascular system to meet those needs. The human heart is a muscle designed to remain strong and reliable for a hundred years or longer. By reducing your risk factors for cardiovascular disease, you may help your heart stay healthy longer.

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Essay examples -- Disabili

The path to enacting the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is the history of the disability rights movement and its struggle to attain a better chance for equality not unlike other minority groups. The Disability community came to realize that the problem they were fighting was discrimination. The Disability community came face to face with some of the same problems and challenges that every individual who is in the minority faces. However, a disabled individual was not considered to be in a minority therefore could not be afforded the protections under the Civil Rights Act. A growing sense of unrest or change in mood galvanized and empowered the Disability community to fight for its civil rights. Federal laws that were enacted prior to the ADA gave precedent for giving disabled individuals rights as a minority group under the Civil Right Act of 1964 such as the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Fair Housing Act of 1988. The 60’s, 70’s and 80’s was a p eriod of growth for the Disability movement building its way to comprehensive disability rights legislation in incremental steps. President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) programs to assist the aged and people with disabilities. The thinking concerning programs like SSI and SSDI near the time of enactment of the ADA was that these programs created â€Å"disincentives† for the disabled to enter into the workforce (NCD). In fact in administrations beginning with President Nixon’s administration programs were targeted such as these for deregulation. President Nixon vetoed the Rehabilitation Act in 1972 and signed a weaker version of the Rehabilitation Act in 1973. It took until 1978 in the ... ....com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX2687400149&v=2.1&u=cuny_baruch&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=8cf19a43ddef5ea2cb064ded30e16f8e Gale Document Number: GALE|CX2687400149 â€Å"H.R. 2273--101st Congress: Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.† www.GovTrack.us. 1989. December 1, 2013 http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/101/hr2273 â€Å"S. 933--101st Congress: Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.† www.GovTrack.us. 1989. December 1, 2013 http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/101/s933 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Legislative History of Public Law 101-336, the Americans With Disabilities Act: Prepared for the Committee On Education And Labor, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990. The Disability Rights Movement: From Charity to Confrontation By Doris Zames Fleischer, Frieda Zames

Managing Overtime Worked in the Workplace

In the following report, I will be give illustrations and possible solutions for an overburdening problem that exists in the U.S. Postal service Operations throughout the country. Overtime is an age-old problem that has gone long overdue without someone or a group paying serious attention to correcting this problem. The United States Postal Service is a large organization with many facets of operations; I will be concentrating on what we call the Field Operation or Area Office. This is where the public comes into personal contact with the Postal Service either by way of the individual letter carrier (mailman) or the window clerk who assists with business transacted at the post office. Every community across America has a Post Office. We are one of the most visible employers in the world. The U.S. Postal Service employs approximately 750 thousand diverse people. Many different cultures and nationalities come together to combine as an efficient workforce that gets the job done. The pay is moderate, so it would be pretty difficult to become independently wealthy working for the Postal Service. But, there are some employees that believe if they work, as much overtime as possible, maybe they can become rich. Unfortunately, this poses a daily obstacle to overcome for most managers in the U.S. Postal Service. The U.S. Postal Service is a production driven outfit therefore; everything is based on production verses cost ratio. The average workday for a postal employee is eight hours. It does not take a genius to figure out that the longer it takes to do the job, the more money is made. So, the employee that desires more money would be motivated to take longer to complete his or her assigned task(s). Historically, the Postal Service has been plagued with managers that were not diligent in doing their jobs with regard to overtime management. Because of this clusters of employees became accustomed to a Carte Blanche style of working. Employees were in effect managing the overtime and work production. During my career as a letter carrier, I completed my assigned tasks within my eight-hour shift working overtime only when deemed necessary by my manger. When I became a manager, I expected everyone who worked for me to have the same work ethics that I had. If this was not case, I attempted to force them to work as hard as I did. I later found out that this was not a good management approach. In fact, this was the easiest way to harvest disgruntle employees. Here was my dilemma; I was the new young manager who expected an honest day†s work, for an honest day's pay, paired with a staff that had been allowed to do whatever they wanted for the past ten years. The office of my first management assignment had 90 percent of the employees working an average of 10-16 hours of overtime per week. My performance as a manager as well as well as the production performance for our office was based on the amount of manpower hours used to deliver the total volume of mail. I will present information about the systems put in place that worked as a check and balance format. These systems enabled me to demonstrate to my employees that my requests were not unfair or unreasonable. I will discuss the areas that the employees were able to assist in helping to aleve the excessive use of overtime. I will also discuss in detail areas that contributed to the excessive use of overtime that did not involve my employees. With implementation of the new systems, my office has reduced its overtime to 14 percent.    While controlling overtime may seem as easy as just making an announcement â€Å"that no one is allowed to work overtime†; this is very far from true in the U.S. Postal Service area offices. There are many variables that come into play, the first of which is staffing. In order to do a good job; the office must be properly staffed. We have percentage breakdowns that factor in amounts of carrier routes; amounts of deliveries per zip code that derives to an employee complement. Each office has a number that satisfies their complement. If for any reason a particular office is operating under their complement that makes the task a more difficult. Any office can be fine one week and short the next, due to retirement, injuries, or details to name a few. If any of the aforementioned were to occur a manager could request replacement for these employees, whether they will be granted or not is another story. Then we have the day-in day-out mystery of who will call in on sick leave. Having any of these instances to take place in a given day can simply cripple an operation. If we take a carrier operation anywhere in the world that has 35 city carrier routes and 4 carriers call in sick on a Monday, that manager now has to scramble to get coverage for those four vacant routes. It is not like other organizations where your work can carry over by one day; the mail must be delivered daily without exception. This makes it difficult to get the work done in an eight–hour day for the remaining employees. The first thing the manager must do is to telephone four employees who would normally have the day off and ask them to come in and work their day off. Bare in mind that the U.S. Postal Service has something called an Overtime Desired List, a voluntary list of employees who wish to work overtime on assignments. When the manager telephones employees to come in on their day off, he must first call those on the Overtime Desired List. If the manager does not get four employees from the list, he may then exercise the option to call employees not on the Overtime Desired List. The only alternative to this situation is to have employees already present complete their assignments and pitch in to help deliver the vacant assignments. The advantage of this situation is that it allows you to minimize your overtime usage for the day. If the manager was able to get four employees from the Overtime Desired List to come he has automatically used 32 hours of overtime for that day. By having employees already present work additional hours, you are able to use far less overtime for that day. This is an area I feel managers need to stress to their bosses so that all efforts are exhausted in hiring more employees for offices to operate under their complement. The earlier mentioned example could have been avoided had that office been properly staffed. A fully complemented office would have unassigned employees who would have been given those assignments for the day avoiding the need for overtime. In order to be a successful office you must be fully complemented. When I was finally able to get my office fully complemented my overtime was reduced by 10% – 30% as shown in the graph below. The U.S. Postal Service has another formula that we use to gauge an employee†s production. There is a standard based on demonstrated ability. We can not hold Carrier A to Carrier B†s standards. This formula is for sorting letters and flats (magazines, newspapers, etc.). The formula allows 1 hour to sort 2 feet of letter mail. This is 2 linear feet, 2 linear feet equals 454 pieces of letter mail or 230 pieces of flat mail. So in order to standardize an employee the manager must count out 2 feet of mail, letters or flats, and calculate the amount of time it takes the employee to sort this mail. The average carrier has no problem at all meeting this quota, but there are those who attempt to outsmart their managers. If the manager is not focused on them during the sorting period there are those carriers who have the tendency to leave their areas to socialize among their coworkers, or â€Å"slow sort† their mail. The longer it takes a carrier to sort his mail, the longer it takes that carrier to get out of the office on the street to deliver this mail, making this same carrier late in returning from his assignment guaranteeing this carrier overtime for the day. You multiply this by several carriers in one office daily and you come up with an unaccountable amount of overtime usage as a manager. This affects your production numbers for the office as a whole. This where a manager has to jump in and approach the individual carriers immediately. As a manager I that this has happen to, I have approached the individual and asked some very basic questions to make certain that there are no health or personal issues going on with the carrier affecting their productivity. If nothing out of the ordinary exists, I point out that they are not meeting their productivity quota and make certain suggestions to assist them in meeting their quota. There are those times when you are challenged as a manager to verify your findings. When those situations arise, I go out and measure, with the carrier present, the actual number of feet of mail for them to sort and time them sorting this mail. Once you demonstrate to your employees that you are only expecting from them what is minimally required, and that you will hold them accountable for just that you run into this type of problem less and less. Another major contributor to overtime usage is the actual mail flow itself. Most days this is not a problem, but when it is a problem it is usually a big problem. In Northern Virginia we have two mail distribution centers, one in Merrifield and one in Dulles. For the Falls Church Post Offices, we receive our mail from Merrifield. Each morning we receive 3 dispatches of mail from 6:00 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. When these dispatches are on time everything runs smoothly, but when these dispatches are late an office goes from running smoothly to being hectic. One of the main reasons for a delayed dispatch is the mechanical failure of a mail-processing machine in Merrifield. In preparing itself for the new millenium, the U.S. Postal Service Distribution Centers are equipped with high-tech automated mail processing machines that do the job of ten employees sorting mail. In the event of a mechanical failure, one of our dispatches can be delayed by 1 – 2 hours. This 1 – 2 hour delay is passed along to my operation in 1 – 2 hours of down time for my carriers while they are waiting for their mail to deliver. That equals approximately 1 –2 hours of unforeseen overtime per employee that day. As demonstrated in the graph below this is a large usage of overtime for an entire office when calculated. The combination of mail volume and properly scheduled mail dispatches is critical in minimizing overtime. In closing, I would suggest that as we approach a new millenium the U.S. Postal Service would be better served by doing away with some of the older ways of thinking. The Overtime Desired List should be dismantled. This forces managers to go outside of the employees already present for work as a first solution to a vacant assignment list. To me this encourages overtime usage. I would also suggest for offices receiving mail dispatches late at least 3 times a week to move their scheduled time for mail receipt back and bring their carriers in a little later to accommodate for the dispatch schedules. For example if an office has consistently been receiving their dispatches an hour late, instead of having the carriers report to work at 6:30 a.m. they would move the carriers reporting times up to 7:30 a.m. instead eliminating that hour of downtime per person that they are losing.

Demonstrative Communication Essay

â€Å"Communication is an exchange of information, verbal pr written message and is the process of sending and receiving message†. () With communication there must be a sender and a receiver for it to take place. In this paper I will provide examples how effective and ineffective demonstrative communication can be positive or negative on situations. Also I will explain how demonstrative communication involves listening and responding. Demonstrative communication is nonverbal and unwritten communication thought facial expression or body language. Effective ways for a sender and receiver to communicate in a demonstrative way would be to send the right message. Sender would want to make sure the receiver comprehends and understands the sender. For example Kinesics: â€Å"refers to the many behaviors of the body†() these would include posture, gestures, and facial expressions. To make a positive gesture one could give the sender two thumbs up letting them know they did a great job. Letting the sender know they understand the message. A negative gestures would be a frown or to raise an eyebrow. This would provide feedback to the sender letting them know you disagree. Effective communication is a two way street for the sender and receiver. Ineffective ways for sender and receiver to communicate would be if the sender was demanding or ordering the receiver for something, and persuading or lecturing them. For example, using words like â€Å"you must† this may make the receiver think you are being demanding and they may resent you. Lecturing the receiver is another negative way to communicate with them. This may cause them to feel like they are wrong. Hepatic is a powerful form of communication. This would include giving the sender a pat on the back letting them knows you understand and everything was great. A native communication result would be a slap in the face. This would lead to many problems. Demonstrative communication between the sender and receiver will be positive if the sender does not overload the receiver with to much information at one time. If the receiver provides active listening or reading, this will allow the receiver to engage in what the sender is trying to get across to them. Demonstrative communication can also be negative if the receiver has a lack of eye contact or crossing of the arms. Things like this tell the sender one may not be interested in their message they are trying to get across. Provide feedback is a part of responding and giving the sender insurances that you are listening and understood what was being said. With demonstrative communication for example, one can respond by providing feedback like, â€Å"What I’m hearing is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This lets the sender know you are listening to the message.

Essay Example Three Ways to Look at the Black Square by Malevich

Essay Example Three Ways to Look at the Black Square by Malevich The Black Square by Kazimir Malevich (1879 – 1935) is one of the most iconic and debated paintings. It features exactly what its name suggests: a black square. Why would Malevich compose this art piece? What is its significance? In this essay, we will venture into three ways of looking at this famous painting. The aesthetic of Suprematism For some background, the Black Square was painted with the aesthetic of Suprematism, which was invented by Malevich. The idea behind Suprematism is to use geometric forms in a limited amount of colors. Ultimately, it is about producing abstract art according to the supremacy of pure artistic feeling and not the direct rendering of objects (Malevich, Kazimir Severinovich, et al.). A painting about nothing in particular In light of this, there are several ways of looking at the Black Square. One of the interpretations of it is that it does not depict anything in particular and that it was the first painting to do so. According to the Tate gallery, â€Å"He made his intention clear; he wanted to completely abandon depicting reality and instead invent a new world of shapes and forms. In his 1927 book The Non-Objective World, he wrote: ‘In the year 1913, trying desperately to free art from the dead weight of the real world, I took refuge in the form of the square’ (â€Å"Five Ways to Look at Malevichs Black Square – List†). This quote could also refer to returning to a sense of simplicity, where the world is less identified. Malevich perhaps wanted to find a way to get rid of the rampant intellectualism in the art world at the time. A human touch to basic geometric shapes The Black Square was not painted perfectly. In fact, it does not align properly with the canvas. According to the website â€Å"Abstract Critical,† this has some implications: â€Å"There’s something tantalising about a wonky square. Its imperfection establishes a human dimension to what would otherwise be a cold, abstract ideal. This awkwardness and misalignment seems to activate the whole field of the painting† (â€Å"The Black Square†). The usually unwelcome or sharp shape of a square is given a human touch and warmth through Malevich’s rendering. It makes us look at basic geometric shapes in a new way. A way beyond rationality Also, the Black Square could have been a new language for painting. A variation of the original painting was on the stage curtain for the opera Victory over the Sun. Collaborating with musician Mikhail Matyushin and poet Aleksei Kruchenykh, this opera aimed to dislodge western rational thought through the story and the made-up language called â€Å"zaum,† which consisted of only sounds and no meaning. In effect, Tate curator Achim Borchardt-Hume said: â€Å"Malevich, infused with the spirit of his friend’s linguistic experiments, invented at breath-taking speed a new painterly language made up solely from shapes and colours. He called this language suprematism† (â€Å"Five Ways to Look at Malevichs Black Square – List†). So, the Black Square could be an experiment to transition the ideas from Victory over the Sun into paintings. It seems his collaborations inspired him to take up a new style and to express feelings beyond thought. There are many more ways to look at and interpret this seminal piece of art. However, three common ways of viewing the Black Square are: as an effort to free the art world of realism, to give a sense of warmth and human touch to basic geometric shapes, and to implement the ideas set forth in the Opera Victory over the Sun into a fresh painterly language. But it seems the most important aspect of this painting is what each viewer of the painting gets. Besides, Malevich fought against rationality and I think he would not want the Black Square to be rationalized. â€Å"Five Ways to Look at Malevichs Black Square – List.† Tate, www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/kazimir-malevich-1561/five-ways-look-malevichs-black-square. Malevich, Kazimir Severinovich, et al. Kazimir Malevich: the World as Objectlessness. Kunstmuseum Basel, 2014. â€Å"The Black Square.† Abstract Critical, abstractcritical.com/note/the-black-square/index.html.

Ethical obligations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical obligations - Essay Example Hence there is a great amount of responsibility that goes within their working basis. They know that if they falter, there is someone else to take their seat and the public would never approve of them in the first place. It is this accountability factor that asks of them to give in their best time and time again. What is most significant is the fact that public administrators have an ethical obligation to perform, mostly on all of the occasions where they get in touch with the public. It goes to suggest without much exclamation that public administrators face ethical responsibilities because it is the public that they have to hold fast on to. They know that if the public does not get the benefits from their undertakings, it would be a futile exercise to work their way through different tasks and actions. The public administration implications in taking good care of the public health sector, housing, education and others is centered on the premise of the peculiar reinforcement strateg ies. These are followed in a very proactive fashion and that too on a consistent rate. The reinforcement phenomenon gets implemented when there are situations which ask of the public administrators to give in their very best on a constant basis. ... he domains of the public administrators, the people resourcing discussion is based on the tangent of giving more significance to the people who are more skilled and who get the most work done in an efficient capacity. However these elements must come with an ethical obligation attached with the same (Bertucci 2006). This means that the public administration implication is made stronger with each passing day and the reinforcement strategies with the help of the motivational reward hierarchies working towards the eventual benefit of the public at large. Administering people with an ethical responsibility thus becomes precisely an easy task as it manifests sound objectives in a quick manner. Thus the public administration implication of administering people through the assistance of the reinforcement strategies is a difficult proposition if the public administrator does not carry out his homework in a well-cohesive fashion. He must know what he is propagating and that too at the right l evels, on a consistent basis. There are a few instances when the public trusts the administration that has been given the right to serve them, and this is indeed an aspect which could be seen in the positive aspects under the relationship between the two – the public and the public administrators. The recent trends in privatizing government functions has a dilemma attached to it, especially when one considers the case related with the attainment of public interest and the like. What this does is to make sure that privatization remains the key within the understanding of the public that it exists to bring harmony within their ranks and not to make them feel indifferent to privatization or even experience numbness towards it. Privatization within the public administration regimes is

Conducting a library search Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conducting a library search - Essay Example The article however reduced drastically once I started becoming specific with the information I was researching. The articles were narrowed down to only slightly above one million articles from the CINAHL database which contains authentic nursing journal articles with specific information on different types of primary care settings and which narrows down the search. The narrowing down process involved become more specific in the search. I started off with the broad primary care settings but it was too broad. This was followed by specifying which field of primary care setting I wanted information from which is health education. Lastly, i narrowed down to which specific database I wanted the information from and this completely reduced the search and provided me with specific and reliable information. The information initially sought was way too vague and hence led to large packets of information which was mostly irrelevant being displayed. However, with much specific details being added, the search was finally narrowed down to the most important and most relevant of the information which is way more helpful in